|| iti śrīmahābhārate udyogaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi
viduranītivākye catustriṃśo'dhyāyaḥ ||
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca |
jāgrato dahyamānasya yatkāryamanupaśyasi |
tadbrūhi tvaṃ hi nastāta dharmārthakuśalaḥ śuciḥ || 1||
tvaṃ māṃ yathāvadvidura praśādhi
prajñā pūrvaṃ sarvamajātaśatroḥ |
yanmanyase pathyamadīnasattva
śreyaḥ karaṃ brūhi tadvai kurūṇām || 2||
pāpāśaṅgī pāpameva naupaśyan
pṛcchāmi tvāṃ vyākulenātmanāham |
kave tanme brūhi sarvaṃ yathāvan
manīṣitaṃ sarvamajātaśatroḥ || 3||
vidura uvāca |
śubhaṃ vā yadi vā pāpaṃ dveṣyaṃ vā yadi vā priyam |
apṛṣṭastasya tadbrūyādyasya necchetparābhavam || 4||
tasmādvakṣyāmi te rājanbhavamicchankurūnprati |
vacaḥ śreyaḥ karaṃ dharmyaṃ bruvatastannibodha me || 5||
mithyopetāni karmāṇi sidhyeyuryāni bhārata |
anupāya prayuktāni mā sma teṣu manaḥ kṛthāḥ || 6||
tathaiva yogavihitaṃ na sidhyetkarma yannṛpa |
upāyayuktaṃ medhāvī na tatra glapayenmanaḥ || 7||
anubandhānavekṣeta sānubandheṣu karmasu |
sampradhārya ca kurvīta na vegena samācaret || 8||
anubandhaṃ ca samprekṣya vipākāṃścaiva karmaṇām |
utthānamātmanaścaiva dhīraḥ kurvīta vā na vā || 9||
yaḥ pramāṇaṃ na jānāti sthāne vṛddhau tathā kṣaye |
kośe janapade daṇḍe na sa rājyāvatiṣṭhate || 10||
yastvetāni pramāṇāni yathoktānyanupaśyati |
yukto dharmārthayorjñāne sa rājyamadhigacchati || 11||
na rājyaṃ prāptamityeva vartitavyamasāmpratam |
śriyaṃ hyavinayo hanti jarā rūpamivottamam || 12||
bhakṣyottama praticchannaṃ matsyo baḍiśamāyasam |
rūpābhipātī grasate nānubandhamavekṣate || 13||
yacchakyaṃ grasituṃ grasyaṃ grastaṃ pariṇamecca yat |
hitaṃ ca pariṇāme yattadadyaṃ bhūtimicchatā || 14||
vanaspaterapakvāni phalāni pracinoti yaḥ |
sa nāpnoti rasaṃ tebhyo bījaṃ cāsya vinaśyati || 15||
yastu pakvamupādatte kāle pariṇataṃ phalam |
phalādrasaṃ sa labhate bījāccaiva phalaṃ punaḥ || 16||
yathā madhu samādatte rakṣanpuṣpāṇi ṣaṭpadaḥ |
tadvadarthānmanuṣyebhya ādadyādavihiṃsayā || 17||
puṣpaṃ puṣpaṃ vicinvīta mūlacchedaṃ na kārayet |
mālākāra ivārāme na yathāṅgārakārakaḥ || 18||
kiṃ nu me syādidaṃ kṛtvā kiṃ nu me syādakurvataḥ |
iti karmāṇi sañcintya kuryādvā puruṣo na vā || 19||
anārabhyā bhavantyarthāḥ ke cinnityaṃ tathāgatāḥ |
kṛtaḥ puruṣakāro'pi bhavedyeṣu nirarthakaḥ || 20||
kāṃścidarthānnaraḥ prājño labhu mūlānmahāphalān |
kṣipramārabhate kartuṃ na vighnayati tādṛśān || 21||
ṛju paśyati yaḥ sarvaṃ cakṣuṣānupibanniva |
āsīnamapi tūṣṇīkamanurajyanti taṃ prajāḥ || 22||
cakṣuṣā manasā vācā karmaṇā ca caturvidham |
prasādayati lokaṃ yastaṃ loko'nuprasīdati || 23||
yasmāttrasyanti bhūtāni mṛgavyādhānmṛgā iva |
sāgarāntāmapi mahīṃ labdhvā sa parihīyate || 24||
pitṛpaitāmahaṃ rājyaṃ prāptavānsvena tejasā |
vāyurabhramivāsādya bhraṃśayatyanaye sthitaḥ || 25||
dharmamācarato rājñaḥ sadbhiścaritamāditaḥ |
vasudhā vasusampūrṇā vardhate bhūtivardhanī || 26||
atha santyajato dharmamadharmaṃ cānutiṣṭhataḥ |
pratisaṃveṣṭate bhūmiragnau carmāhitaṃ yathā || 27||
ya eva yatnaḥ kriyate prara rāṣṭrāvamardane |
sa eva yatnaḥ kartavyaḥ svarāṣṭra paripālane || 28||
dharmeṇa rājyaṃ vindeta dharmeṇa paripālayet |
dharmamūlāṃ śriyaṃ prāpya na jahāti na hīyate || 29||
apyunmattātpralapato bālācca parisarpataḥ |
sarvataḥ sāramādadyādaśmabhya iva kāñcanam || 30||
suvyāhṛtāni sudhiyāṃ sukṛtāni tatastataḥ |
sañcinvandhīra āsīta śilā hārī śilaṃ yathā || 31||
gandhena gāvaḥ paśyanti vedaiḥ paśyanti brāhmaṇāḥ |
cāraiḥ paśyanti rājānaścakṣurbhyāmitare janāḥ || 32||
bhūyāṃsaṃ labhate kleśaṃ yā gaurbhavati durduhā |
atha yā suduhā rājannaiva tāṃ vinayantyapi || 33||
yadataptaṃ praṇamati na tatsantāpayantyapi |
yacca svayaṃ nataṃ dāru na tatsannāmayantyapi || 34||
etayopamayā dhīraḥ sannameta balīyase |
indrāya sa praṇamate namate yo balīyase || 35||
parjanyanāthāḥ paśavo rājāno mitra bāndhavāḥ |
patayo bāndhavāḥ strīṇāṃ brāhmaṇā veda bāndhavāḥ || 36||
satyena rakṣyate dharmo vidyā yogena rakṣyate |
mṛjayā rakṣyate rūpaṃ kulaṃ vṛttena rakṣyate || 37||
mānena rakṣyate dhānyamaśvānrakṣyatyanukramaḥ |
abhīkṣṇadarśanādgāvaḥ striyo rakṣyāḥ kucelataḥ || 38||
na kulaṃ vṛtti hīnasya pramāṇamiti me matiḥ |
antyeṣvapi hi jātānāṃ vṛttameva viśiṣyate || 39||
ya īrṣyuḥ paravitteṣu rūpe vīrye kulānvaye |
sukhe saubhāgyasatkāre tasya vyādhiranantakaḥ || 40||
akārya karaṇādbhītaḥ kāryāṇāṃ ca vivarjanāt |
akāle mantrabhedācca yena mādyenna tatpibet || 41||
vidyāmado dhanamadastṛtīyo'bhijano madaḥ |
ete madāvaliptānāmeta eva satāṃ damāḥ || 42||
asanto'bhyarthitāḥ sadbhiḥ kiṃ citkāryaṃ kadā cana |
manyante santamātmānamasantamapi viśrutam || 43||
gatirātmavatāṃ santaḥ santa eva satāṃ gatiḥ |
asatāṃ ca gatiḥ santo na tvasantaḥ satāṃ gatiḥ || 44||
jitā sabhā vastravatā samāśā gomatā jitā |
adhvā jito yānavatā sarvaṃ śīlavatā jitam || 45||
śīlaṃ pradhānaṃ puruṣe tadyasyeha praṇaśyati |
na tasya jīvitenārtho na dhanena na bandhubhiḥ || 46||
āḍhyānāṃ māṃsaparamaṃ madhyānāṃ gorasottaram |
lavaṇottaraṃ daridrāṇāṃ bhojanaṃ bharatarṣabha || 47||
sampannataramevānnaṃ daridrā bhuñjate sadā |
kṣutsvādutāṃ janayati sā cāḍhyeṣu sudurlabhā || 48||
prāyeṇa śrīmatāṃ loke bhoktuṃ śaktirna vidyate |
daridrāṇāṃ tu rājendra api kāṣṭhaṃ hi jīryate || 49||
avṛttirbhayamantyānāṃ madhyānāṃ maraṇādbhayam |
uttamānāṃ tu martyānāmavamānātparaṃ bhayam || 50||
aiśvaryamadapāpiṣṭhā madāḥ pānamadādayaḥ |
aiśvaryamadamatto hi nāpatitvā vibudhyate || 51||
indriyaurindriyārtheṣu vartamānairanigrahaiḥ |
tairayaṃ tāpyate loko nakṣatrāṇi grahairiva || 52||
yo jitaḥ pañcavargeṇa sahajenātma karśinā |
āpadastasya vardhante śuklapakṣa ivoḍurāḍ || 53||
avijitya ya ātmānamamātyānvijigīṣate |
amitrānvājitāmātyaḥ so'vaśaḥ parihīyate || 54||
ātmānameva prathamaṃ deśarūpeṇa yo jayet |
tato'mātyānamitrāṃśca na moghaṃ vijigīṣate || 55||
vaśyendriyaṃ jitāmātyaṃ dhṛtadaṇḍaṃ vikāriṣu |
parīkṣya kāriṇaṃ dhīramatyantaṃ śrīrniṣevate || 56||
rathaḥ śarīraṃ puruṣasya rājan
nātmā niyantendriyāṇyasya cāśvāḥ |
tairapramattaḥ kuśalaḥ sadaśvair
dāntaiḥ sukhaṃ yāti rathīva dhīraḥ || 57||
etānyanigṛhītāni vyāpādayitumapyalam |
avidheyā ivādāntā hayāḥ pathi kusārathim || 58||
anarthamarthataḥ paśyannartaṃ caivāpyanarthataḥ |
indriyaiḥ prasṛto bālaḥ suduḥkhaṃ manyate sukham || 59||
dharmārthau yaḥ parityajya syādindriyavaśānugaḥ |
śrīprāṇadhanadārebhya kṣipraṃ sa parihīyate || 60||
arthānāmīśvaro yaḥ syādindriyāṇāmanīśvaraḥ |
indriyāṇāmanaiśvaryādaiśvaryādbhraśyate hi saḥ || 61||
ātmanātmānamanvicchenmano buddhīndriyairyataiḥ |
ātmaiva hyātmano bandhurātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ || 62||
kṣudrākṣeṇeva jālena jhaṣāvapihitāvubhau |
kāmaśca rājankrodhaśca tau prājñānaṃ vilumpataḥ || 63||
samavekṣyeha dharmārthau sambhārānyo'dhigacchati |
sa vai sambhṛta sambhāraḥ satataṃ sukhamedhate || 64||
yaḥ pañcābhyantarāñśatrūnavijitya matikṣayān |
jigīṣati ripūnanyānripavo'bhibhavanti tam || 65||
dṛśyante hi durātmāno vadhyamānāḥ svakarma bhiḥ |
indriyāṇāmanīśatvādrājāno rājyavibhramaiḥ || 66||
asantyāgātpāpakṛtāmapāpāṃs
tulyo daṇḍaḥ spṛśate miśrabhāvāt |
śuṣkeṇārdraṃ dahyate miśrabhāvāt
tasmātpāpaiḥ saha sandhiṃ na kuryāt || 67||
nijānutpatataḥ śatrūnpañca pañca prayojanān |
yo mohānna nighṛhṇāti tamāpadgrasate naram || 68||
anasūyārjavaṃ śaucaṃ santoṣaḥ priyavāditā |
damaḥ satyamanāyāso na bhavanti durātmanām || 69||
ātmajñānamanāyāsastitikṣā dharmanityatā |
vākcaiva guptā dānaṃ ca naitānyantyeṣu bhārata || 70||
ākrośa parivādābhyāṃ vihiṃsantyabudhā budhān |
vaktā pāpamupādatte kṣamamāṇo vimucyate || 71||
hiṃsā balamasādhūnāṃ rājñāṃ daṇḍavidhirbalam |
śuśrūṣā tu balaṃ strīṇāṃ kṣamāguṇavatāṃ balam || 72||
vāksaṃyamo hi nṛpate suduṣkaratamo mataḥ |
arthavacca vicitraṃ ca na śakyaṃ bahubhāṣitum || 73||
abhyāvahati kalyāṇaṃ vividhā vāksubhāṣitā |
saiva durbhāṣitā rājannanarthāyopapadyate || 74||
saṃrohati śarairviddhaṃ vanaṃ paraśunā hatam |
vācā duruktaṃ bībhatsaṃ na saṃrohati vākkṣatam || 75||
karṇinālīkanārācā nirharanti śarīrataḥ |
vākṣalyastu na nirhartuṃ śakyo hṛdi śayo hi saḥ || 76||
vāksāyakā vadanānniṣpatanti
yairāhataḥ śocati ratryahāni |
parasya nāmarmasu te patanti
tānpaṇḍito nāvasṛjetpareṣu || 77||
yasmai devāḥ prayacchanti puruṣāya parābhavam |
buddhiṃ tasyāpakarṣanti so'pācīnāni paśyati || 78||
buddhau kaluṣa bhūtāyāṃ vināśe pratyupasthite |
anayo nayasaṅkāśo hṛdayānnāpasarpati || 79||
seyaṃ buddhiḥ parītā te putrāṇāṃ tava bhārata |
pāṇḍavānāṃ virodhena na caināṃ avabudhyase || 80||
rājā lakṣaṇasampannastrailokyasyāpi yo bhavet |
śiṣyaste śāsitā so'stu dhṛtarāṣṭra yudhiṣṭhiraḥ || 81||
atīva sarvānputrāṃste bhāgadheya puraskṛtaḥ |
tejasā prajñayā caiva yukto dharmārthatattvavit || 82||
ānṛśaṃsyādanukrośādyo'sau dharmabhṛtāṃ varaḥ |
gauravāttava rājendra bahūnkleśāṃstitikṣati || 83||
|| iti śrīmahābhārate udyogaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi
viduranītivākye catustriṃśo'dhyāyaḥ || 34||